Tratamento de Onicomicose por Terapia Fotodinâmica

Main Article Content

Ariane Cristina Bueno da Costa Nunes
Daiani Savi

Abstract

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a technique that uses a light-emitting device and a photosensitizing chemical agent (PS) to treat diseases caused by microorganisms, such as fungi, bacteria and viruses. Several studies have been carried out and suggest that PDT can be an efficient alternative in the treatment of onychomycosis. Based on these data, the objective of this work was to carry out a review of the literature on onychomycosis and the response to treatment based on PDT. For this purpose, a search was carried out in the literature using the descriptors: onychomycosis, photodynamic therapy, LED, leisure, methylene blue or photosensitizer, with the time interval of 2014-2024. Studies have demonstrated the efficiency of PDT in the treatment of onychomycosis caused by different pathogens, making this an alternative to the use of antifungals. However, there are several light sources and FS evaluated for the application of therapy. Therefore, the most used light source was LED associated with methylene blue, which demonstrated considerable antifungal action in all selected articles, reducing or even eliminating the pathogen. Other light sources used were LASER (Light Amplification by Radiation Emission), both low (LBI) and high intensity (LAI), however LBI did not show satisfactory results when compared to LAI and LED. Thus, PDT is an effective method for the control and treatment of onychomycosis; however, its results depend on the degree of the pathology, the photosensitizer and the light source used.

Article Details

How to Cite
Cristina Bueno da Costa Nunes, A. ., & Savi, D. (2024). Tratamento de Onicomicose por Terapia Fotodinâmica. REVISTA IBERO-AMERICANA DE PODOLOGIA, 6(1), E0732024 - 1. https://doi.org/10.36271/iajp.v6i1.73
Section
PUBLICATION IN CONTINUOS FLOW
Author Biographies

Ariane Cristina Bueno da Costa Nunes, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina

Departamento de Biomedicina, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina, Joinville

 

Daiani Savi, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina

Departamento de Biomedicina, Centro Universitário Católica de Santa Catarina, Joinville

References

Galhardas, C.; Rosado, C.; Lancastre A. Novos avanços no tratamento da onicomicose. Journal of the Portuguese Society of Dermatology and Venereology 77(3):239-24.

Alberdi, E.; Gómez, C. Urea versus fractional Er:YAG laser pretreatment of methylene blue photodynamic therapy in the treatment of moderate toenail onychomycosis: short- and medium-term effects. Arch Dermatol Res. 2023 May;315(4):787-794. doi: 10.1007/s00403-022-02448-7. Epub 2022 Oct 31. PMID: 36316511; PMCID: PMC10085931.

Oliveira, G.B.; Antonio, J.R.; Antonio, C.R.; Tomé, F.A. The association of fractional CO2 laser 10.600nm and photodynamic therapy in the treatment of onychomycosis. An Bras Dermatol. 2015 Jul-Aug;90(4):468-71. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20153588. PMID: 26375214; PMCID: PMC4560534.

Souza, L.W.; Souza, S.V.; Botelho, A.C. Distal and lateral toenail onychomycosis caused by Trichophyton rubrum: treatment with photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue dye. An Bras Dermatol. 2014 Jan-Feb;89(1):184-6. doi: 10.1590/abd1806-4841.20142197. PMID: 24626676; PMCID: PMC3938382.

Silva, A.P. Novas estratégias para o diagnóstico de onicomicose e tratamento por terapia fotodinâmica. 2017. Tese (Doutorado) – Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, 2017. Disponível em: http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/76/76132/tde-11092017-151911/. Acesso em: 15 jul. 2024.

Robres, P.; Aspiroz, C.; Rezusta, A.; Gilaberte, Y. Usefulness of Photodynamic Therapy in the Management of Onychomycosis. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015 Dec;106(10):795-805. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2015.08.005. Epub 2015 Oct 1. PMID: 26427737.

Salas, G.T.; López, G. A., Dorado, F.M.; Ruiz, M.J. Daylight photodynamic therapy. Actas Dermosifiliogr. 2015 Oct;106(8):672-3. English, Spanish. doi: 10.1016/j.ad.2015.05.002. Epub 2015 Jun 29. PMID: 26138286.

Frigo, F.D., Pérez, Júnior,E.F.; Pires, A. da S.; Coutinho, V. L.; Gonçalves, F. G. de A., & Lima, J. A. Laserterapia de baixa intensidade com terapia fotodinâmica no tratamento de onicomicose [Low intensity laser therapy with photodynamic therapy in the treatment of onychomycosis] [Terapia láser de baja intensidad con terapia fotodinámica en el tratamiento de la onicomicosis]. Revista Enfermagem UERJ, 30(1), e64955. https://doi.org/10.12957/reuerj.2022.6495

Xiaoli, C.; Min L.; Wen, L.; Wenai Z.; Weiwei, W. Photodynamic therapy successfully treats refractory onychomycosis caused by Trichosporon asahii: a case report, Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy,Volume 46,2024, 104045,ISSN 1572-1000,https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2024.104045

Guimarães, C.D.S.Tratamento da onicomicose com LASER nd YAG: resultado em30 pacientes.Revista surgical & cosmetic dermatology vol 6 n.02 pg 155-160.

Shen, J. J., Jemec, G. B. E., Arendrup, M. C., & Saunte, D. M. L. (2020). Photodynamic therapy treatment of superficial fungal infections: A systematic review. Photodiagnosis and photodynamic therapy, 31, 101774. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101774

Alberdi, E.; Gómez, C. Methylene blue vs methyl aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy in the treatment of mild-to-moderate toenail onychomycosis: Short- and medium-term effects. Dermatol Ther. 2020 Nov;33(6):e14280. doi: 10.1111/dth.14280. Epub 2020 Sep 15. PMID: 32890444.

Gilaberte, Y.; Robres, M.P.; Frías, M.P.; García, D.I.; Rezusta, A.; Aspiroz, C. Methyl aminolevulinate photodynamic therapy for onychomycosis: a multicentre, randomized, controlled clinical trial. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2017 Feb;31(2):347-354. doi: 10.1111/jdv.13842. Epub 2016 Aug 12. PMID: 27515478.

Conrado, P.C.V.; Sakita, K.M.; Arita, G.S.; Gonçalves, R.S.; Cesar, G.B.; Caetano W.; Hioka, N.;Voidaleski, M.F.; Vicente, V.A.; Svidzinski, T.I.E.; Bonfim, ,M.P.S.; Kioshima, E.S.; Hypericin-P123-photodynamic therapy in an ex vivo model as an alternative treatment approach for onychomycosis caused by Fusarium spp. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther. 2021 Sep;35:102414 doi: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2021.102414. Epub 2021 Jun 26. PMID: 34186264.

Braga, S. J, Crepaldi, D.F.Onicomicoses: Identificação dos principais patógenos e manejo clínico. Rev. Ibero-am. De podol. [Internet]. 17º de novembro de 2019 [citado 15º de julho de 2024];1(2):81 - 87. Disponível em: https://www.iajp.com.br/index.php/IAJP/article/view/9

Machado, A.E da H. Terapia fotodinâmica: princípios, potencial de aplicação e perspectivas. Quím Nova [Internet]. 2000Mar;23(2):237–43. Available from:https://doi.org/10.1590/S0100-40422000000200015

Ciurea, C.N.; Kosovski, I.B.; Mare A.D.; Toma, F.; Pintea, S.I.A.; Man A. Candida and Candidiasis-Opportunism Versus Pathogenicity: A Review of the Virulence Traits. Microorganisms. 2020 Jun 6;8(6):857. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms8060857. PMID: 32517179; PMCID: PMC7355540.

Tedila, W.U.; Assefa, A. Candidiasis and opportunistic mycosis in human. Novel Research in Microbiology Journal (2019), 3(1): 190-203

Silva, S.L.; Lima, M.E. Onychomycoses due to fungi of the genus Candida: a literature review, society and development 9.8 (2020): Research, Society and Development, v. 9, n.8, e560985771, 2020(CC BY 4.0) | ISSN 2525-3409 | DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.33448/rsd-v9i8.5771

Simmons, B.J.; Griffith, R.D.;Falto, A.L.A.; Nouri, K. An update on photodynamic therapies in the treatment of onychomycosis. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2015 Jul;29(7):1275-9. doi: 10.1111/jdv.12950. Epub 2015 Jan 15. PMID: 25589056.

Peres, N.T. de A.; Maranhão,F.C.A.;Rossi, A.; & Martinez N.M. Dermatofitos: interação patógeno-hospedeiro e resistencia a antifungícos. Anais Brasileiros de dermatologia, 85(5),657-667.https://doi.org/10.1590/S0365-0596201000050000

Eduardo, C.P. A terapia fotodinâmica como benefício complementar na clínica odontológica.Revista da associação paulista de cirurgiões dentistas 69.3 (2015): 226-235.

Ma, W.; Si, C.; Kasyanju, Carrero L.M, et al. Laser treatment for onychomycosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98(48):e17948. doi:10.1097/MD.0000000000017948

Figueiredo, S.L.W.; Souza, S.V.; Botelho, A.C. Randomized controlled trial comparing photodynamic therapy based on methylene blue dye and fluconazole for toenail onychomycosis. Dermatol Ther. 2014 Jan-Feb;27(1):43-7. doi: 10.1111/dth.12042. Epub 2013 Apr 1. PMID: 24502311.

Tardivo, J.P.; Wainwright, M.; Baptista, M. Small scale trial of photodynamic treatment of onychomycosis in São Paulo. J Photochem Photobiol B. 2015 Sep;150:66-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2015.03.015. Epub 2015 Mar 26. PMID: 25835504.

Alberdi, E.; Gómez C. Efficiency of methylene blue-mediated photodynamic therapy vs intense pulsed light in the treatment of onychomycosis in the toenails. Photodermatol Photoimmunol Photomed. 2019 Mar;35(2):69-77. doi: 10.1111/phpp.12420. Epub 2018 Sep 17. PMID: 30168611.